Exploitation of Agricultural and Food Industry By-products and Waste Material through the Application of Modern Processing Techniques

Mulberry pyralid Glypodes pyloalis Wlk. is a serious pest of Uzbekistan mulberry plantations. Use of chemical pesticides has many lacks their toxicity and mutagenity for the human, animals, including beneficial insects, and environmental contaminations. Effect of entomopathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses and nematodes on mulberry pyralid is investigated in the work. These agents are harmless to the human, animals and plants but effectively kill pests. These pathogenes can defeat also a mulberry silkworm cultivated in sericulture of Uzbekistan only during spring of each year. Taking into account ecological preferences of bioagents for pest control, very important for densely populated agricultural complexes of the Republics, an opportunity of their use after cocoons harvesting which comes in Uzbekistan at the end of May was investigated. As a result of such research only those preparations will be chosen which under effect of biotic and abiotic factors of environment of arid zone will completely lose the virulent ability before beginning of a new silkworm breading season. In the work following preparations have been investigated by screening: bacterial Bacillus thuringiensis Lepidocid, Bitoxibacillin, Sonit K., fungi (rases Aspergillus flavus, Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria tenella, Penicillium sp., Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and Fusarium sp.), isolated from dead mulberry pyralid larvae, baculoviral preparations – AcMNPV, SeMNPV, AcAaIT, Limantria dispar virus and Agrotis segetum, Pieris brassicae, Pyrausta stricticalis, Neodiprion sertifer granuloviruses and also Entonem-F, a preparation of entomopatogenic nematode. All specified preparations differently kill mulberry pyralid but only virus preparations AcMNPV, SeMNPV, AcAaIT not affected to a mulberry silkworm. Last finding is important for early pest control. The investigated stability of bacterial and nematode preparations against biotic and abiotic factors was the least for Entonem-F (1-2 days), approximately 1 month for Lepidocid and 1.5 months for Bitoxibacillin. Work on fungi resistance to environmental factors is continued. Bacterial and fungous preparation can be used only after finishing of silkworm breading season. The undertaken approach to the control of the serious pest of mulberry plantations modern biocontrol methods will allow increase economic efficiency and ecological safety.